Reduction efforts

There are various air pollution control technologies and land use planning strategies available to reduce air pollution. At its most basic level land use planning is likely to involve zoning and transport infrastructure planning. In most developed countries, land use planning is an important part of social policy, ensuring that land is used efficiently for the benefit of the wider economy and population as well as to protect the environment.
Efforts to reduce pollution from mobile sources includes primary regulation (many developing countries have permissive regulations), expanding regulation to new sources (such as cruise and transport ships, farm equipment, and small gas-powered equipment such as lawn trimmers, chainsaws, and snowmobiles), increased fuel efficiency (such as through the use of hybrid vehicles), conversion to cleaner fuels (such as bioethanol, biodiesel, or conversion to electric vehicles).

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Air Pollution Effect to Human Health

The health effects caused by air pollution may include difficulty in breathing, wheezing, coughing and aggravation of existing respiratory and cardiac conditions. These effects can result in increased medication use, increased doctor or emergency room visits, more hospital admissions and premature death. The human health effects of poor air quality are far reaching, but principally affect the body's respiratory system and the cardiovascular system. Individual reactions to air pollutants depend on the type of pollutant a person is exposed to, the degree of exposure, the individual's health status and genetics. The World Health Organization states that 2.4 million people die each year from causes directly attributable to air pollution.

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Air Pollution

A substance in the air that can cause harm to humans and the environment is known as an air pollutant. Pollutants can be in the form of solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. In addition, they may be natural or man-made.

Major primary pollutants produced by human activity include:

• Sulfur Oxides (SO_x), this is produced by volcanoes and various industrial processes. Further oxidation of SO₂,   usually in the presence of a catalyst such as NO₂, forms H₂SO₄, and thus acid rain. This is one of the causes for concern over the environmental impact of the use of these fuels as power sources.

• Nitrogen Oxides(NO_x), are emitted from high temperature combustion. This reddish-brown toxic gas has a characteristic sharp, biting odor. NO₂ is one of the most prominent air pollutants.

• Carbon Monoxide, It is a product by incomplete combustion of fuel such as natural gas, coal or wood. it's a colourless, odorless, non-irritating but very poisonous gas. 

• Carbon Dioxide(CO₂) - a colourless, odorless, non-toxic greenhouse gas associated with ocean acidification, emitted from sources such as combustion, cement production, and respiration.

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